Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42016855›Full record

ArticleBioengineering & translational medicine2026

Neuron-targeted 2-deoxyglucose-dendrimer-rosiglitazone nanotherapy mitigates neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits in pediatric traumatic brain injury.

Aqib Iqbal Dar, Zhi Zhang, Shamila Gopalakrishnan, Rishi Sharma, Anunay James Pulukuri, Anu Rani, Anubhav Dhull, Joan Castaneda Gonzalez, Tia Atoui, Yara Mashal and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioengineering & translational medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Aqib Iqbal DarDepartment of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences Washington State University Pullman Washington USA.
Zhi ZhangDepartment of Natural Sciences, College of Arts, Sciences, and Letters University of Michigan-Dearborn Dearborn Michigan USA.
Shamila GopalakrishnanDepartment of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences Washington State University Pullman Washington USA.
Rishi SharmaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences Washington State University Pullman Washington USA.
Anunay James PulukuriDepartment of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences Washington State University Pullman Washington USA.
Anu RaniDepartment of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences Washington State University Pullman Washington USA.
Anubhav DhullDepartment of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences Washington State University Pullman Washington USA.
Joan Castaneda GonzalezDepartment of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences Washington State University Pullman Washington USA.
Tia AtouiDepartment of Natural Sciences, College of Arts, Sciences, and Letters University of Michigan-Dearborn Dearborn Michigan USA.
Yara MashalDepartment of Natural Sciences, College of Arts, Sciences, and Letters University of Michigan-Dearborn Dearborn Michigan USA.
Zahrah NaseerDepartment of Natural Sciences, College of Arts, Sciences, and Letters University of Michigan-Dearborn Dearborn Michigan USA.
Julia CalmiDepartment of Natural Sciences, College of Arts, Sciences, and Letters University of Michigan-Dearborn Dearborn Michigan USA.
Anjali SharmaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences Washington State University Pullman Washington USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0748-3001

Funding

Training in Biotechnology: Emphasis in Protein ChemistryT32GM152310 · NIGMS · WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Bernd Markus Lange · 2024 to 2026
$1.6M
NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM152310
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major global health challenge, characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite advances in neuroscience, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits the effectiveness of potential neuroprotective treatments. Recent nanotechnology breakthroughs have led to smart drug delivery systems that can cross the BBB and target injured brain areas. However, achieving the specificity needed to deliver therapies to affected neurons remains a challenge. In previous work, we developed a mixed-layered dendrimer functionalized with 2-deoxyglucose (2DG-D) for selective neuronal drug delivery. In this study, we explore the therapeutic potential of rosiglitazone (Rosi) for pediatric TBI by creating a 2DG-D-Rosi nanosystem, where Rosi is conjugated to 2DG-D to improve its solubility, bioavailability, and targeted delivery to injured neurons. In vitro, 2DG-D-Rosi demonstrated high neuronal uptake, sustained drug release, and excellent biocompatibility. It significantly reduced neuronal apoptosis, reactive oxygen species formation, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, and caspase activity, outperforming free Rosi. In vivo, using a pediatric TBI mouse model, 2DG-D-Rosi improved neuronal targeting, reduced neuroinflammation, and enhanced behavioral outcomes. This research highlights 2DG-D-Rosi as a promising nanotherapeutic platform for precise TBI treatment and sets the stage for developing more effective therapies for this challenging condition.

Indexed as

glyco‐dendrimerneuroinflammationneuron targetingrosiglitazonetargeted drug deliverytraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

PMID42016855
PMCPMC13093522

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.