Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42015551›Full record

ArticleScandinavian journal of psychology2026

Relationships Between Leader's Humor and Subordinate Perceptions of Leader Warmth and Competence: The Role of Relationship Harmony.

Chih-Chieh Chu, Shu-Cheng Steve Chi, Hsi-Fang Lai, Inju Yang, Raymond A Friedman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scandinavian journal of psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Chih-Chieh ChuDepartment of Business Administration, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua City, Taiwan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9901-2129
Shu-Cheng Steve ChiDepartment of Business Administration, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3547-9993
Hsi-Fang LaiDepartment of Business Administration, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5614-1692
Inju YangIndependent Researcher.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5013-2827
Raymond A FriedmanOwen Graduate School of Management, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9205-2320

Funding

Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan, Republic of China MOST105-2410-H-002-158-MY3
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We proposed that in a Chinese context, rather than in the U.S. context, subordinates' experience of relationship harmony is a culturally grounded mediating mechanism, beyond leader-member exchange, linking leader's humor to subordinates' perceptions of leadership warmth and competence. We collected a two-wave sample in Taiwan (n = 166) and in the U.S. (n = 202) through internet platforms. Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping were employed to test both direct and indirect effects, and measurement invariance was assessed to ensure sample comparability. We found that the mediating effects of relationship harmony at work only exist in the Taiwan data, not in the U.S. data. Our results of the Taiwan data showed that acts of humor are associated with perceptions of leadership warmth and competence via an elevated level of harmony. Our results suggest that both cultural-free construct (e.g., LMX) and cultural-specific construct (e.g., relationship harmony) could operate simultaneously within a given cultural context (in our case, in Chinese contexts).

Indexed as

Interpersonal RelationsLeadershipSocial PerceptionWit and Humor as TopicAdultCross-Cultural ComparisonFemaleHumansMaleTaiwanUnited StatesYoung Adultaffiliative humoraggressive humorChinese cultureleadershiprelationship harmony

Identifiers

PMID42015551
PMCPMC13546095

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.