Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42015093›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2026

HPV vaccination beyond primary prevention: survey of practices and attitudes of Polish obstetrician-gynecologists.

Dominika Trojnarska, Martyna Trzeszcz, Maciej Stukan, Karolina Mazurec, Mariola Wańtuchowicz, Sergiusz Piasecki, Karolina Grabowska, Maggie E Cruickshank, Robert Jach

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Dominika TrojnarskaDepartment of Maternal and Child Health, Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 25, Kraków, 31-501, Poland. dominika.trojnarska@uj.edu.pl.
Martyna TrzeszczDivision of Pathology and Clinical Cytology, University Hospital in Wrocław, Borowska 213, Wrocław, 50-556, Poland.
Maciej StukanPomeranian Hospitals, Gdynia, Poland.
Karolina MazurecCorfamed Woman's Health Center, Kluczborska 37, Wrocław, 50-322, Poland.
Mariola WańtuchowiczCorfamed Woman's Health Center, Kluczborska 37, Wrocław, 50-322, Poland.
Sergiusz PiaseckiCorfamed Woman's Health Center, Kluczborska 37, Wrocław, 50-322, Poland.
Karolina GrabowskaPomeranian Hospitals, Gdynia, Poland.
Maggie E CruickshankAberdeen Centre for Women's Health Research, Aberdeen Maternity Hospital, University of Aberdeen, King's College Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3FX, United Kingdom.
Robert JachClinical Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital in Kraków, Kopernika 23, Kraków, 31-501, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEvidence indicates benefits of HPV vaccination beyond primary prevention, including for women treated for high-grade lesions (HSIL/CIN2+), immunocompromised individuals, and healthcare personnel. Despite comprehensive guidelines, clinical implementation remains inconsistent. This study evaluated the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Polish obstetrician-gynecologists (OBGYNs) regarding HPV vaccination, with emphasis on recommendations extending beyond primary prevention.

methodsA cross-sectional online survey was conducted among Polish OBGYNs between October 2024 and June 2025 as part of a European Federation for Colposcopy initiative. The anonymous questionnaire assessed attitudes, guideline awareness, clinical practice patterns, and demographics. Descriptive statistics were applied.

resultsRespondents demonstrated broadly positive attitudes toward HPV vaccination, with nearly all reporting that they inform patients about adult vaccination options. Adherence to national regulations was high (> 97%), and most participants were familiar with recommendations from professional societies. Younger physicians, vaccinated respondents, and OBGYNs with completed specialty training reported the highest awareness of guidelines and were most supportive of vaccination beyond primary prevention. A significant proportion endorsed vaccination for women treated for HSIL/CIN2+, individuals with HIV, and immunosuppressed patients after organ transplantation. Strong support was also expressed for expanding reimbursement to improve adult access. Furthermore, respondents emphasized the importance of randomized controlled trials to validate extended indications and guide evidence-based policy.

conclusionPolish OBGYNs show strong support for HPV vaccination, including extended use in high-risk groups. Ongoing education and further clinical research are needed to guide consistent implementation and inform evidence-based policy.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticePapillomavirus InfectionsPapillomavirus VaccinesPractice Patterns, Physicians'Uterine Cervical NeoplasmsVaccinationAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGynecologistsHuman Papillomavirus VirusesHumansMaleMiddle AgedObstetriciansPapillomavirus VaccinesCancer preventionClinical practiceHigh-grade cervical lesionsHPV vaccinationObstetrician-gynecologists

Identifiers

PMID42015093
PMCPMC13238108

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.