ArticleNature communications2026
Sucrose-activated TOR and phyA signaling alleviates shade-mediated inhibition of leaf development in Arabidopsis.
Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
To over-top the neighbors, shade-intolerant plants trigger shade avoidance responses with increasing the elongation of stem-like organs at the expense of leaf development. Shade-induced elongation growth has been extensively studied, while the regulatory mechanisms underlying shade-suppressed leaf development remain poorly understood. Here we find sucrose can rescue shade-inhibited leaf development, which requires the functions of phytochrome A (phyA) and TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR) complex. We confirm an interaction between PHYA and LETHAL WITH SEC THIRTEEN 8 (LST8), a component of TOR complex. Shade and phyA affect TOR activity, in turn TOR affects the protein stability of PHYA. The sucrose-TOR mediated accumulation of PHYA requires CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1)/SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA-105 (SPA) complex. Transcriptome analysis further reveals that sucrose and phyA regulate the expression of leaf development-related genes under shade, particularly those involved in cytokinin metabolism. Our work uncovers a critical role for TOR and PHYA in linking light signaling with cellular energy status, a mechanism that fine-tunes leaf development specifically under shade conditions.
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