Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42014708›Full record

ArticleNPJ vaccines2026

Development of in vitro airway epithelial model to assess immune response and safety of mucosal adjuvants.

David Acosta, Mohammad Rubel Hoq, Kazuyo Takeda, Chad D Costley, Hana Golding, Marina Zaitseva

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ vaccines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

David AcostaDivision of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Mohammad Rubel HoqDivision of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Kazuyo TakedaMicroscopy and Imaging Core Facility, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Chad D CostleyBlueWillow Biologics, Inc., Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Hana GoldingDivision of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Marina ZaitsevaDivision of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Silver Spring, MD, USA. marina.zaitseva@fda.hhs.gov.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mucosal vaccines delivered intranasally or by inhalation, can elicit localized immunity that protects mucosal tissues at the site of infection and may reduce transmission of respiratory viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus, and SARS-CoV-2. Many mucosal vaccine candidates incorporate adjuvants to enhance and broaden immune response, underscoring the need for safe and effective formulations targeting the respiratory mucosa. Here, we employed differentiated human nasal and bronchial epithelial cells (hNEC and hBEC) cultured at air-liquid interface (ALI) to evaluate the soybean oil-in-water intranasal NE01 adjuvant, recently assessed clinically. Kinetic and dose-response studies showed that hBECs were more sensitive than hNEC to the cytopathic effect of NE01 as evidenced by loss of barrier integrity, reduced viability, and Interleukin-8 production. Spiking Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), a component of NE01, into a squalene oil-in-water adjuvant identified CPC as a potential contributor to the observed cytotoxicity in hBEC. Lower NE01 concentrations did not compromise hBEC viability or barrier function, indicating concentration-dependent effects and establishing thresholds for epithelial perturbation. The data provide proof-of-concept supporting the ALI system for assessing the effects of mucosal adjuvants on Upper and Lower respiratory tract epithelia during the early stages of development. This approach may help prioritize candidates while reducing reliance on animal use in preclinical evaluation.

Identifiers

PMID42014708
PMCPMC13287757

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.