ArticleThe Journal of general virology2026
Hendra virus genotypes 1 and 2 differ in V protein-mediated immune evasion.
Article in The Journal of general virology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Hendra virus (HeV) is a highly pathogenic virus endemic to Australia that causes lethal infections in horses and humans following spillover from bat reservoirs. There are two known genotypes: genotype 1 and 2 (HeV-g1 and HeV-g2). Both have caused lethal disease in horses, but HeV-g1 causes a more severe disease than HeV-g2 in non-human primates. The molecular mechanisms underlying these differences are poorly understood. The capacity of viruses to evade the interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral innate immune response is important in infection and disease, and in HeV, the virulence factor V protein is a key mediator and one of the most divergent proteins between the genotypes. We compared the IFN antagonist functions of the V proteins of HeV-g1 and HeV-g2, finding that HeV-g1-V was more potent than HeV-g2-V in antagonizing the induction of type-I IFN; we further found that the proteins differ in nucleocytoplasmic localization. Consistent with these findings, HeV-g1 suppressed type-I IFN production more effectively than HeV-g2 during infection. These data reveal differences in the fundamental biology of HeV genotypes, which may be significant to pathogenesis.
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