ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2026
CD163 and Tim-4 identify resident intestinal macrophages that are spatially regulated by TGF-β.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Plasticity of the infant immune system during the perinatal period.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Tissue-Resident Macrophages: Linking Physiology and Inflammation in Infection.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Tissue-Resident Macrophage in Inflammation and Cancer.MedComm · 2026Review
- MafB is a conserved transcriptional regulator of macrophage development and functional identity across tissues and species.Immunity · 2026Article
- Dysfunctional macrophages along the gut-liver axis: a driver of infection in cirrhosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Fixation matters: duration in fixative prior to immunofluorescent analysis directly impacts macrophage visualization in epithelial tissues.Discovery immunology · 2026Article
- Fibroblast-derived CSF1 maintains colonization of gut mucosal macrophage to resist bacterial infection.Mucosal immunology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive analysis of myeloid reporter mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Fluoroquinolones directly drive mitochondrial hyperpolarization and modulate iNOS expression in monocyte-derived macrophage populations.Discovery immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Macrophages localize in sub-tissular niches associated with their ontogeny and activity. In the intestine, a paradigm has emerged that long-lived macrophages are present in the muscular layer, while highly monocyte-replenished populations are found in the lamina propria (LP). Whether long-lived macrophages are restricted in such a simplified manner has not been well explored. Moreover, the impact of specific gut-associated factors on macrophage identity across intestinal tissue layers is unknown. We generated scRNA-seq data from WT and Ccr2-/- mice to identify phenotypic features of long-lived macrophage populations in distinct intestinal layers and identified CD163 as a marker to distinguish submucosal/muscularis (S/M) from LP macrophages. Challenging the emerging paradigm, long-lived macrophages were found in the LP and S/M, with distinct transcriptomes and responsiveness to proinflammatory stimuli. Employing transgenic mice, we demonstrate a critical role for TGF-β signalling in maintaining the identity of long-lived LP but not S/M macrophages and that macrophage-derived TGF-β1 is required to instruct intestinal macrophage identity after development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.