Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42011918›Full record

ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026

Breaking the Bottleneck in Limit of Detection of Surface Refractive Index Sensing by Harnessing Meta-Waveguide Microring Resonators.

Wanxin Li, Jiewen Li, Rui Li, Gina Jinna Chen, Perry Ping Shum, Yi Zou, Ray T Chen, Yongkang Dong, Xiaochuan Xu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Wanxin LiNational Key Laboratory of Laser Spatial Information, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Photonic-Electronic Chip, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aerospace Communication and Networking Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology campus, Xili University Town, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Jiewen LiNational Key Laboratory of Laser Spatial Information, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Photonic-Electronic Chip, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aerospace Communication and Networking Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology campus, Xili University Town, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Rui LiNational Key Laboratory of Laser Spatial Information, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Photonic-Electronic Chip, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aerospace Communication and Networking Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology campus, Xili University Town, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Gina Jinna ChenState Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics Intellisense, Department of EEE, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
Perry Ping ShumState Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics Intellisense, Department of EEE, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
Yi ZouSchool of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
Ray T ChenDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9181-4266
Yongkang DongNational Key Laboratory of Laser Spatial Information, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Photonic-Electronic Chip, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aerospace Communication and Networking Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology campus, Xili University Town, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Xiaochuan XuNational Key Laboratory of Laser Spatial Information, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Photonic-Electronic Chip, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aerospace Communication and Networking Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology campus, Xili University Town, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) U22A2093Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality GXWD20231130113557001Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality JCYJ20210324131614040
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pushing sensor sensitivity to the extreme remains a central pursuit in sensing research. However, the limit of detection (LOD) is ultimately limited by the trade-off between intrinsic sensitivity and noise: improvements in sensitivity often introduce higher noise, yielding only marginal gains in LOD. Here, we leverage mode splitting in meta-waveguide microring resonators (MWMRs)-a typically overlooked phenomenon-to suppress drift-induced bias and noise without sacrificing interfacial refractive-index sensitivity. This approach reduces baseline drift to just 4.6 fm/min during representative measurements, enabling quantitative detection of ultra-weak surface perturbations. The sensing performance is validated through the streptavidin-biotin interaction, achieving reliable detection of 0.01 pg/mL streptavidin with a blank reference and a splitting noise of 1.3 pm. This reflection-induced mode splitting framework breaks the longstanding LOD bottleneck in surface refractometric sensing and establishes MWMRs as a robust, drift-immune platform for ultra-sensitive optical interrogation.

Indexed as

meta‐waveguide microringsmode splittingultra‐sensitive self‐referenced sensing

Identifiers

PMID42011918
PMCPMC13335428

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.