Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42011510›Full record

ArticleLab on a chip2026

Region-specific proteomic profiling of brain interstitial fluid

Qun Cao, Hannah D Jackson, Aidan J Duncan, Yufei Cui, Haley O Higginbotham, Stella Lesnik, Yunseo Jo, Jiaquan Yu, Forest M White, Michael J Cima

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Lab on a chip, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. An opto-microperfusion neural probe for multiplexed detection of optogenetically evoked neurochemical release dynamics.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Qun CaoKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. mjcima@mit.edu.
Hannah D JacksonKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. mjcima@mit.edu.
Aidan J DuncanKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. mjcima@mit.edu.
Yufei CuiKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. mjcima@mit.edu.
Haley O HigginbothamKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. mjcima@mit.edu.
Stella LesnikKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. mjcima@mit.edu.
Yunseo JoKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. mjcima@mit.edu.ORCID 0009-0006-5105-5273
Jiaquan YuKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. mjcima@mit.edu.
Forest M WhiteKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. mjcima@mit.edu.
Michael J CimaKoch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. mjcima@mit.edu.

Funding

VIRUS PRODUCTION COREP30CA014051 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI Jacqueline A. Lees · 1985 to 2026
$93.9M
Micro-invasive biochemical sampling of brain interstitial fluid for investigating neural pathologyR01EB027717 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI CIMA, MICHAEL J, LANGER, ROBERT SAMUEL · 2020 to 2023
$2.5M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA014051NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB027717
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Interstitial fluid (ISF) within the brain parenchyma contains secreted factors related to brain function, metabolism, and neurodegenerative disorders. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is commonly sampled due to its accessibility in well-defined spaces, but it does not fully capture the diversity of the brain secreted proteome. The brain is remarkably heterogeneous on a millimeter scale or smaller, and the secreted proteome likely reflects that heterogeneity. Traditional methods like cerebral microdialysis suffer from recovery loss and tissue damage due to semipermeable membranes and large probe sizes. This study develops a micro-invasive, membrane-free platform for ISF sampling, enabling mass spectrometry analysis of small sample volumes with high spatial resolution and minimal tissue damage. Also, this platform collects samples within approximately 15 minutes, representing a major reduction in sampling time compared to microdialysis. We analyzed proteomic profiles of ISF from the nucleus accumbens and substantia nigra, revealing significant differences in protein abundance and composition indicative of their biological functions. We also compared ISF with CSF and found significantly more proteins associated with brain-specific functions, such as synaptic transmission and vesicle-mediated transport. This novel ISF sampling method can enhance clinical liquid biopsy techniques for brain diseases and provides insights into distinct molecular profiles of different brain regions.

Indexed as

BrainBrain ChemistryExtracellular FluidProteomeProteomicsAnimalsMaleMicrodialysisProteome

Identifiers

PMID42011510
PMCPMC13096881

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.