ArticleTheScientificWorldJournal2026
Physiochemical and Thermal Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste and Agricultural Residue Blends for Torrefaction.
Article in TheScientificWorldJournal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Physiochemical and Thermal Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste and Agricultural Residue Blends for Torrefaction.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Municipal solid waste (MSW), together with other biomass resources, presents a viable feedstock for renewable energy production; however, its direct conversion is limited by high moisture content, ash content, and heterogeneous composition. These challenges can be mitigated through torrefaction, provided that suitable feedstock selection and optimization are achieved. This study investigates the physicochemical and thermal characteristics of MSW, coffee husks (CH), corn cobs (CC), and their blends to demonstrate how biomass quality can be improved through blending. MSW was blended with CH or CC at mass ratios of 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 (db/db%). Proximate, ultimate, lignocellulosic, thermogravimetric, and calorific value analyses were conducted. Proximate analysis showed that MSW had the highest moisture (10.102 ± 0.141%), volatile matter (71.115 ± 0.759%), and ash content (6.674 ± 0.477%), whereas CH exhibited the highest fixed carbon content (18.863 ± 0.572%). Ultimate analysis revealed that MSW contained the highest hydrogen content (6.911 ± 0.183%), CH had the highest carbon content (50.001 ± 0.184%), and CC showed the highest oxygen (44.185 ± 0.273%), nitrogen (1.395 ± 0.045%), and sulfur (0.057 ± 0.035%) contents. MSW had the lowest hemicellulose (11.941 ± 0.269%) and cellulose (19.334 ± 0.294%) contents, while CC had the lowest lignin content (12.304 ± 0.219%). The calorific value of MSW (17.01 ± 0.292 MJ kg
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