ArticleImmunity, inflammation and disease2026
Risk Factors for Recurrence of the Anti-Synthetase Syndrome Related Interstitial Lung Disease.
Article in Immunity, inflammation and disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeThis current study aimed to detect the risk factors for recurrence of the anti-synthetase syndrome related interstitial lung disease (ASSD-ILD).
methodsPatients who were diagnosed with ASSD-ILD and achieved the improving standards after treatment at a single clinical center from January 1, 2017 to January 1, 2022 were retrospectively collected. The patients were divided into the recurrence group and non-recurrence group. We compared the baseline information, pulmonary function test, chest computed tomography/high-resolution computed tomography (CT/HRCT) images, and treatments et al between the two groups. Cox regression was performed to find risk factors for recurrence. Moreover, the Kaplan-Meier curve was conducted to estimate the recurrence-free rate.
resultsTotally 76 ASSD-ILD patients were collected in this study. There were 24 patients in the recurrence group and 52 patients in the non-recurrence group. The recurrence rate was 31.6%. Univariate analysis showed that pyrexia of unknown origin, neutrophil percentage > 75%, non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) alone pattern, and immunosuppressants discontinuation were associated with recurrence (p < 0.05). In the primary IPTW-weighted Cox model, pyrexia of unknown origin was significantly associated with recurrence (HR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.12-6.51, p = 0.027). In sensitivity analyses using a doubly robust IPTW-weighted Cox model, both pyrexia of unknown origin (HR = 5.17, 95% CI: 1.94-13.78, p = 0.001) and NSIP alone pattern (HR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.11-0.80, p = 0.016) remained significantly associated with recurrence. Furthermore, the Kaplan-Meier curve demonstrated that the non-NSIP group (p = 0.039) and the pyrexia of unknown origin group (p = 0.023) had worse recurrence-free rate.
conclusionAmong patients with ASSD-ILD there is a high frequency of recurrence. The results suggested that pyrexia of unknown origin was a risk factor for recurrence. A follow-up strategy, customized treatment, and early surveillance for high-risk patients who relapse were critical to enhancing patients' quality of life and prognosis.
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