Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42010167›Full record

Observational studyInternational urogynecology journal2026

Is There a Difference in Hiatal Area on Straining Between Type I and II Levator Avulsions?

Ka-Wing Lau, Hans Peter Dietz, Ka Lai Shek

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in International urogynecology journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ka-Wing LauQueen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. martinkwlau@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-0892-4478
Hans Peter DietzSydney Urodynamic Centres, Sydney, Australia.
Ka Lai ShekWestern Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introduction and hypothesisA distinction can be made between levator avulsions that preserve the appearance of a connection to the pelvic sidewall (type I), and those that do not (type II). We evaluated whether avulsion type affects hiatal area on straining.

methodsThis retrospective observational study used archived patient data from a tertiary urogynaecological service between 2/2019 and 12/2020. All patients underwent a standardized interview, POP-Q examination, and 4D pelvic floor ultrasound. On analysing the archived volume data, the first author assessed hiatal area on maximum straining, the second author determined avulsion type, blinded to all other data. The primary outcome was hiatal area on straining, with avulsion type as the explanatory variable.

resultsInter-rater reliability for hiatal area on straining showed an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.872. Five hundred and twenty-four archived volume data were available. Mean age was 58 years (range 20-95), mean body mass index (BMI) was 29.1 kg/m

conclusionsLevator avulsion type does not seem to significantly affect hiatal area.

Indexed as

Pelvic FloorPelvic Organ ProlapseUrinary Incontinence, StressAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMiddle AgedReproducibility of ResultsRetrospective StudiesUltrasonographyYoung AdultHiatal areaLevator avulsionPelvic organ prolapseStrainingTransperineal ultrasound

Identifiers

PMID42010167

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.