ArticleNeurochemical research2026
MicroRNA and Proteomic Landscape of Brain Development.
Article in Neurochemical research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Brain development is a complex and continuous process that begins during the gestation period and peeks in adolescence. This process unfolds in multiple phases and involves cellular events like cell proliferation, migration, axonal and dendritic outgrowth, apoptosis, synapse formation, myelination, and synaptic pruning. Each of these developmental processes is tightly regulated by intricate layers of gene expression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally. Due to their ability to regulate multiple genes with a single miRNA and a single gene with multiple miRNAs, miRNAs are particularly well-suited to orchestrate gene expression during brain development. In this study, we utilized rat brain samples from various developmental stages: gestation day 15 (GD15), 0-days, 1-week, 3-weeks, 6-weeks, 12-weeks, and 1-year, to investigate the dynamic changes in brain development. We analyzed the global miRNA expression and proteomic profile at each time point using rat miRNA TaqMan Low Density Arrays and LC–MS/MS, respectively. Our analysis revealed that miRNA and protein expression are tightly regulated throughout brain development from GD15 to 1 year. Interestingly, the patterns of global expression of miRNAs and proteins are dramatically different in GD15 and 0-day. Some miRNAs exhibited stage-specific expression patterns, while others were consistently expressed at higher levels across the entire developmental period. Notably, the expression levels of certain miRNAs, including the miR-29 family, miR-34 family, miR-338, and miR-219, were found to increase as brain development progressed. These miRNAs had minimal expression at GD15 and reached their highest levels at 12-weeks or 1-year. Conversely, miR-296, miR-217, miR-20b-3p, and miR-214 exhibited peak expression at GD15, with levels decreasing by 12-weeks and 1-year. In addition, we examined phase-specific protein expression profiles using mass spectrometry to further complement our findings.
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