ArticleScientific reports2026
Elevated plasma IgG is associated with improved treatment response and survival in advanced non‑small cell lung cancer patients treated with anti‑PD‑1 therapy.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Rethinking secondary immunodeficiency: a cross-domain pathway framework for risk stratification.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
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16 authors.
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Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1 improve outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but responses are heterogeneous and tissue biomarkers are imperfect. Circulating immunoglobulins integrate B- and T-cell function and may reflect systemic immune competence. We investigated whether plasma immunoglobulin levels during ICI therapy are associated with clinical outcomes in stage IV NSCLC. In this single-center retrospective study, 55 patients received anti-PD-1-based regimens: anti-PD-1 monotherapy (n = 31), chemotherapy plus anti-PD-1 (n = 18), or ipilimumab plus nivolumab (n = 6). Plasma IgG, IgA, and IgM were measured at baseline and after 1–4 cycles, and associations with objective response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. In the chemotherapy plus anti-PD-1 group, IgG decreased significantly on treatment (p = 0.0030), whereas no significant changes in any isotype were observed with anti-PD-1 monotherapy. In the monotherapy cohort, post-treatment IgG was higher in responders than in non-responders (p = 0.0262) and was associated with longer PFS (p = 0.0218) and OS (p = 0.0166). In multivariable Cox models in the monotherapy cohort, higher post-treatment IgG remained independently associated with longer PFS (adjusted HR 0.28, 95% CI 0.11–0.75; p = 0.011) and OS (adjusted HR 0.29, 95% CI 0.09–0.87; p = 0.028). Sensitivity analyses incorporating PD-L1 status and 6-week landmark analyses showed similar trends. In exploratory pooled analyses, no significant association between post-treatment IgG and PFS or OS was observed across all 55 patients. IgA and IgM were not significantly associated with outcomes. Higher early on-treatment plasma IgG may serve as a non-invasive biomarker of favorable outcome, particularly in the anti-PD-1 monotherapy setting, warranting prospective validation and mechanistic studies.
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