ArticleScientific reports2026
Contribution of North Atlantic temperature variability to El Niño cyclicity as revealed by spectral causality estimates.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Spectral effects of directional (causal) couplings between El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and intradecadal North Atlantic temperature variability (NATV) are estimated from monthly time series of their indices over the period of 1870 - 2022 on the basis of empirical autoregressive models. For any of the three ENSO indices (Niño-3, Niño-3,4 and Niño-4), a bidirectional coupling between the ENSO and the NATV (i.e. both the influence of the ENSO on the NATV and that in the opposite direction) is detected. According to the models, removal of the coupling in any of the two directions leads to disappearance of the spectral peak on the periods of 3-5 years for the NATV and at least to a strong blurring of that peak for the ENSO. The spectral causal effect (i.e. power spectrum changes under the respective coupling removal) of the NATV on the eastern equatorial Pacific region Niño-3 is found to be the strongest one among the three ENSO regions, while that effect on the most western region Niño-4 is the smallest one.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.