Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42008566›Full record

ArticlePLOS global public health2026

A realist evaluation of the development, implementation and outcomes of the first public ART Centre in Morocco.

Amal Benbella, Asmaa Zaidouni, Sanae Elomrani, Gitau Mburu, Houyam Hardizi, Abdelhakim Yahyane, Hafid Hachri, Karima Gholbzouri, James Kiarie, Rachid Bezad

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLOS global public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Experiences of infertility among couples in Morocco.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Amal BenbellaFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7890-905X
Asmaa ZaidouniMaternity and Reproductive Health Hospital of IbnSina University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.
Sanae ElomraniFaculty of Sciences, Biology and Health Laboratory, Ibn Toufail University, Kenitra, Morocco.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9990-7256
Gitau MburuDepartment of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Maternal, Child, Adolescent Health and Ageing, Human Reproduction Program, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Houyam HardiziFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Abdelhakim YahyanePopulation Directorate, Ministry of Health and Social Protection, Rabat, Morocco.
Hafid HachriWorld Health Organization Country Office, Rabat, Morocco.
Karima GholbzouriReproductive Health and Research Unit, WHO Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office, Cairo, Egypt.
James KiarieDepartment of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Maternal, Child, Adolescent Health and Ageing, Human Reproduction Program, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Rachid BezadFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In Morocco, access to assisted reproductive technology (ART) in public hospitals has been limited, and many couples cannot afford private sector services. In this context, a public ART centre was established in 2013 at the Maternity and Reproductive Health Hospital in Rabat. This study aimed to evaluate this first public ART centre to understand how the intervention worked, for whom, and under what circumstances, and to inform replication in Morocco and other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A realist evaluation was conducted, combining qualitative in-depth interviews with couples, healthcare providers, and policymakers, and a retrospective analysis of clinical outcomes among all couples receiving ART services at the centre. Data were analysed to develop context-mechanism-outcome configurations explaining how and why the intervention worked. Contextual factors such as the high cost of IVF, the social value of childbearing, and stigma associated with infertility influenced service utilization. Key mechanisms included advanced planning, workforce training, standardized procedures, patient-centred care, and strong leadership and governance. Outcomes included the establishment of a regulatory framework for ART, perceived improvement in financial affordability, and perceived reduction in infertility-related stigma. Knowledge transfer contributed to the development of additional centres in various regions of the country. Between October 2013 and December 2022, 2,495 couples received fertility services. Clinical pregnancy rates were 23.8% for IVF and 21% for frozen embryo transfer, with corresponding live birth rates of 16.6% and 14.3%. The creation of the first public ART centre represents a milestone in the management of infertility in the Moroccan public health system. It has improved access and perceived affordability to ART, although some clinical outcomes require further improvement. These findings provide useful lessons to inform the development of public ART services in other LMICs.

Identifiers

PMID42008566
PMCPMC13094999

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.