Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42007432›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of dentistry2026

Clinical Challenges and Therapeutic Approaches in Managing Deep Carious Lesions Close to the Pulp in Permanent Teeth: A Narrative Review.

Negar Gholizadeh, Mahdi Gholamrezaei Saravi, Tahereh Molania, Nafiseh Zarenejad, Hoorieh Abedi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Negar GholizadehDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Sari Dental School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, mazums.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0808-9679
Mahdi Gholamrezaei SaraviDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Sari Dental School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, mazums.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8510-5079
Tahereh MolaniaOral Medicine Department, Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, mazums.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1528-2149
Nafiseh ZarenejadDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Sari Dental School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, mazums.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9750-1881
Hoorieh AbediDepartment of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, mazums.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8963-4078

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: This narrative review aims to evaluate the clinical challenges and therapeutic approaches for managing deep carious lesions (DCLs) in permanent teeth close to the pulp, with a focus on minimally invasive, pulp-preserving strategies. Materials and Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar, with studies searched up to August 2025. Inclusion criteria were clinical trials, systematic reviews, and narrative reviews focusing on DCL management. Emphasis was placed on the biological basis of pulp preservation, diagnostic methods for assessing pulpal health, and the clinical performance of conservative techniques, including selective and stepwise caries removal, indirect and direct pulp capping, and pulpotomy. Results: The review highlights a paradigm shift from traditional complete caries removal to minimally invasive strategies aimed at preserving pulp vitality. Selective and stepwise caries removal showed success rates up to 97%, while pulpotomy procedures using bioactive materials demonstrated superior biocompatibility and dentin bridge formation. Pulpotomy success rates ranged from 86% to 98% in vital mature teeth, comparable to those of root canal therapy but with lower invasiveness and cost. Conclusions: Minimally invasive, biologically driven approaches for managing DCLs offer effective pulp vitality preservation and high success rates. The use of bioactive materials, including mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine, enhances treatment outcomes. These findings are clinically significant, providing evidence-based guidelines for practitioners seeking to adopt conservative treatment methods for DCLs in vital permanent teeth.

Indexed as

bioceramicsdeep carious lesionsindirect pulp cappingpulpotomypulp preservationregenerative endodonticsreviewselective caries removalvital pulp therapy

Identifiers

PMID42007432
PMCPMC13091091

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.