ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026
Docosahexaenoic acid attenuates neuropathological alterations in a rodent model of neonatal bilirubin-induced encephalopathy.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy (kernicterus) results from toxic accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain, often leading to irreversible neurological damage. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, may attenuate bilirubin-induced neuropathological alterations in neonates. Objectives: This study evaluated whether DHA mitigates neuropathological and molecular changes in a rodent model of bilirubin-induced encephalopathy via the CTBP1/miR-155-5p/KDM5A pathway and oxidative stress regulation. Methods: In a cross-sectional experimental study, 48 neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats (7 days old) were allocated to Control, bilirubin encephalopathy (BE) and BE + DHA groups ( Results: DHA improved neurobehavioral scores and was associated with a faster decline in serum bilirubin levels during the later observation period. Serum bilirubin peaked at ∼15 μmol/L at 24 h in BE and declined to 10 μmol/L by 72 h, whereas DHA accelerated clearance to ∼5 μmol/L at 72 h (control ∼5 μmol/L). Brain bilirubin and NSE were significantly elevated in BE and mitigated by DHA (each ∼60% reduction vs. BE, Conclusion: DHA administration significantly attenuated bilirubin-induced neurotoxicity in neonatal rats. Neuroprotection by DHA was associated with changes in the CTBP1/miR-155-5p/KDM5A axis and reduced oxidative stress-related markers.
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