Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42006551›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2026

Induction of Human β-Defensin-2 by Vaginal

Masahiro Ito, Misaki Kataoka, Mio Aso, Nanae Netsu, Toshihiko Takada, Nanaka Okuda, Ayaka Sudo, Shiho Totsuka, Kirika Yoshioka, Yoichi Sato and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. VaginalMicroorganisms · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Masahiro ItoLaboratory of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6489-0431
Misaki KataokaLaboratory of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.
Mio AsoLaboratory of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.
Nanae NetsuLaboratory of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.
Toshihiko TakadaHMS Women's Health Research & Development Center, Hanamisui Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
Nanaka OkudaLaboratory of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.
Ayaka SudoLaboratory of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.
Shiho TotsukaLaboratory of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.
Kirika YoshiokaLaboratory of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.
Yoichi SatoDaikanyama Women's Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.
Naoki OguraHMS Women's Health Research & Development Center, Hanamisui Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
Hideki NachiHMS Women's Health Research & Development Center, Hanamisui Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
Ji-Hwan PangHMS Women's Health Research & Development Center, Hanamisui Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
Nobuhiko OkadaLaboratory of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.
Yun-Gi KimLaboratory of Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan.
Koji NomotoHMS Women's Health Research & Development Center, Hanamisui Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The human vaginal microbiota is dominated by lactobacilli, with Methods: Human vaginal epithelial cells VK2/E6E7 were co-incubated with live or heat-killed Results: Two Conclusions: Only

Indexed as

adhesionbacterial viabilityhuman β-defensin-2Lactobacillus crispatusvaginal epithelial cell

Identifiers

PMID42006551
PMCPMC13089552

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.