ReviewEJIFCC2026
Circulating netrin-1 levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in EJIFCC, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Netrin-1, a laminin-related guidance cue protein with emerging immunomodulatory roles, has shown conflicting associations with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in human studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate circulating netrin-1 levels in individuals with T2DM compared to healthy controls. Methods: A comprehensive search of MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Europe PMC up to March 17, 2025, was performed for studies reporting netrin-1 levels in T2DM patients. Eligible studies were observational and provided extractable quantitative data. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and JBI checklist. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity, subgroup, sensitivity, and publication bias analyses were performed using R software. Results: Twenty studies involving 1,798 articles were included. Pooled analysis revealed significantly elevated netrin-1 levels in T2DM (SMD = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.03-1.11; p = 0.0393), with substantial heterogeneity (I Conclusion: This meta-analysis supports a potential link between netrin-1 and T2DM, suggesting its role as a biomarker of metabolic inflammation. However, substantial heterogeneity and study-level differences necessitate further standardized, longitudinal research to clarify its clinical relevance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42006502PMC13088449What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.