Critical innovations in the assembly of the modern flight apparatus in Early Cretaceous birds.

Qian Wu, Thomas A Stidham, Jingmai K O'Connor, Alida M Bailleul, Zhonghe Zhou, Zhiheng Li

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Qian WuKey Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China.

Thomas A StidhamKey Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China.

Jingmai K O'ConnorNegaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA.

Alida M BailleulKey Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China.

Zhonghe ZhouKey Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China.

Zhiheng LiKey Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A pivotal innovation in the evolution of powered flight in dinosaurs was the triosseal canal-a specialized passage formed by the scapula, coracoid, and furcula that guides the wing-elevation tendon. However, the origins of this structure remained obscure. Here, we applied integrated histological analysis and micro-computed tomography (CT) scanning of a new enantiornithine specimen and the basal ornithuromorph

Indexed as

Biological sciencesEvolutionary biologyPaleobiologyPaleontology

Identifiers

PMID42006300

DOI10.1016/j.isci.2026.115506

PMCPMC13091450

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.