ArticleJournal of migration and health2026
How loneliness mediates the association between migration status and health trajectories: Longitudinal evidence from Germany.
Article in Journal of migration and health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objectives: Evidence shows that immigrants tend to have better health upon arrival, but they experience faster health deterioration than non-immigrants. However, rarely do we assess the role of loneliness in shaping health disparities by migration status. This study examines how loneliness mediates the relationship between migration status and health. Methods: Using nationally representative data from the 2012-2020 German Socio-Economic Panel, we apply a parallel process latent growth curve model with mediation analysis to examine the direct associations of migration status with mental and physical health trajectories, as well as the mediating role of loneliness, by gender and age at migration (6609 non-immigrants; 634 immigrants). Results: Among women loneliness mediates the relationship between migration status and mental health ( Discussion: Loneliness contributes to mental health disparities between immigrant and non-immigrant women. Immigrant women who migrated after age 18 are particularly vulnerable. We do not observe the same mechanism among men, nor for physical health. Given that the mechanisms vary by age at migration and gender, future studies should tailor their analyses to specific population subgroups to better understand the drivers of migration-related health disparities.
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