Women in gastroenterology: what is the current situation? Results of a Polish National Survey.

Introduction: The number of women graduating from medical school is on the rise, and in Poland, there is a notable feminisation in the physician profession. In 2023, out of 156,290 practicing physicians, 92,421 were women (59.13%). Female gastroenterologists face numerous challenges during their training, including gender-based prejudice, physical demands of endoscopic procedures, and standardised equipment not designed for smaller hands. Aim: The study aimed to characterise female gastroenterologists and trainees in Poland and identify potential problems and difficulties in their daily work. Material and methods: A web-based, voluntary, anonymous questionnaire was sent to female members of the Polish Society of Gastroenterology and participants of the XX Polish Society of Gastroenterology Congress. Results: The majority of respondents were aged 30-40 years (30.6%) and 40-50 years (29.2%). More female gastroenterologists reside and work in the Masovian Voivodeship (16.7%) than in other regions. The age of completing specialisation is predominantly 30-40 years (76.4%). 37.5% work in cities of more than 500,000 inhabitants. The primary workplaces are gastroenterological wards (66.7%) and endoscopic units (16.7%) within hospitals. Additional workplaces include gastroenterological outpatient clinics (54.9%) and private practices (54.2%). Only 25.7% hold management positions. Common procedures performed include diagnostic gastroscopy (91%), diagnostic colonoscopy (77.1%), and polypectomy (63.2%). 97.9% are satisfied with their specialty choice. Conclusions: Gender discrimination remains prevalent in various aspects of medicine. Nearly half of the female gastroenterologists experience gender-related limitations in their professional roles. Despite progress, significant efforts are needed to raise awareness and promote gender equality to support women in gastroenterology.