Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42005906›Full record

ReviewCommunications earth & environment2026

Revisiting the greatness of Earth's great oxidation.

Peter W Crockford, Ichiko Sugiyama, Michael A Kipp, Jihua Hao, Lyle L Nelson, Jordon D Hemingway, Sabine Wimmer, Mojtaba Fakhraee

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Communications earth & environment, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Peter W CrockfordCarleton University, Department of Earth Sciences, Ottawa, ON Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-0770-6482
Ichiko SugiyamaCarleton University, Department of Earth Sciences, Ottawa, ON Canada.
Michael A KippDivision of Earth and Climate Sciences, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1844-3670
Jihua HaoDeep Space Exploration Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3657-050X
Lyle L NelsonDepartment of Earth Atmosphere and Planetary Sciences, Massachussettes Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA USA.
Jordon D HemingwayGeological Institute, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-8299-2255
Sabine WimmerCarleton University, Department of Earth Sciences, Ottawa, ON Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-7079-684X
Mojtaba FakhraeeDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2461-6374

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The accumulation of free oxygen in the atmosphere ≈2.45 billion years ago was one of the most transformative events in Earth's past. Since its identification, this interval termed the 'Great Oxidation Event' (GOE), has garnered a large amount of attention from a wide array of perspectives, with some suggesting it should define its own geologic era or period. Despite many new tools to interrogate the GOE, today the defendable range of possible atmospheric O

Indexed as

Carbon cycleElement cyclesGeochemistryPrecambrian geology

Identifiers

PMID42005906
PMCPMC13090121

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.