Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42005303›Full record

ArticleJournal of the Endocrine Society2026

Disparities in utilization of high-volume thyroid surgeons for Graves disease: a statewide analysis.

Steven Xie, Catherine B Jensen, Aayushi Sinha, Elizabeth M Bacon, Lauren N Krumeich, Hunter J Underwood, David T Hughes, Paul G Gauger, Hari Nathan, Michael A Rubyan and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Steven XieDepartment of General Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7751-1454
Catherine B JensenDepartment of General Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-7513
Aayushi SinhaDepartment of General Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Elizabeth M BaconDepartment of General Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Lauren N KrumeichDepartment of General Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Hunter J UnderwoodDepartment of General Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
David T HughesDepartment of General Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Paul G GaugerDepartment of General Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Hari NathanDepartment of General Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Michael A RubyanDepartment of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Susan C PittDepartment of General Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6978-3408

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Context: For patients with Graves disease undergoing surgery, the American Thyroid Association guidelines recommend referral to a high-volume thyroid surgeon (HVTS). However, factors limiting patient utilization of an HVTS are poorly understood. Objective: This study aimed to identify factors associated with utilization of an HVTS for patients with Graves. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed adults with Graves who underwent thyroidectomy from January 2015 to December 2022 in a statewide claims registry. Surgeons were categorized as HV (>25 thyroidectomies/year) or low-volume (LVTS; ≤25 thyroidectomies/year). Logistic regression evaluated patient demographics, travel distance to treating HVTS hospital and closest endocrinologist, household income, area deprivation index, and education. Results: Among 764 patients treated by 130 surgeons, 17 HVTSs performed the majority (60.4%) of thyroidectomies. Most patients were female (84.3%) and White (51.0%). Patients treated by an HVTS traveled 16.8 miles farther ( Conclusion: Just more than half of patients with Graves disease received guideline-concordant surgical care by an HVTS. Enhancing patient knowledge and awareness of the benefits of HVTS care and solving transportation barriers may improve Graves patients' use of HVTS and outcomes.

Indexed as

disparitiesGraves diseasehigh-volume surgerythyroidectomythyroid surgeryutilization

Identifiers

PMID42005303
PMCPMC13089641

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.