ArticleCureus2026
Functional Outcomes of Treatment of Paediatric Supracondylar Fractures With Open or Closed Reduction and Crossed Kirschner Wire (K-wire) Fixation.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSupracondylar fractures of the humerus are a common type of elbow injury in children, and there is ongoing debate about the best method of surgical fixation.
objectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the functional outcome of paediatric supracondylar fractures managed using crossed Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation.
methodsThis was a retrospective observational study. Thirty-one children (one to 14 years) with displaced supracondylar humerus fracture (Gartland types 2 and 3) treated with closed or open reduction and crossed K-wire fixation were included. Those with undisplaced fractures, flexion-type supracondylar fractures, open fractures, associated ipsilateral limb fractures, previous ipsilateral elbow injury, or neurovascular injury on presentation were excluded from the study. All patients were followed up for a period of one year, and functional outcome was evaluated using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS).
resultsThe mean age of the study population was 6.2 years (range: one to 14 years; SD: 3.6), with the majority of patients (51.6%) in the five- to nine-year age group. All fractures were of the extension type. Twenty-three patients (74.2%) sustained Gartland type III fractures, and eight patients (25.8%) had Gartland type II fractures. At the one-year follow-up, as evaluated by the MEPS, excellent functional outcomes were observed in 27 patients (87.1%), good outcomes in two patients (6.4%), and fair outcomes in two patients (6.4%). No individuals exhibited poor outcomes. Additionally, no cases of iatrogenic nerve injury, malunion, or residual deformity were noted at final follow-up.
conclusionSurgical fixation of supracondylar fractures with cross-pinning is an effective and safe modality for treating displaced paediatric supracondylar humerus fractures. When performed by an experienced surgeon using a mini-open medial approach, the risk of iatrogenic nerve injury is minimal. Large-scale prospective studies are required to further validate these findings.
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