Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42004980›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of genomics2026

Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveals the Potential Role of GZMK+ CD8+ T Cells in Cell Senescence of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Dan Zhou, Tianhui Hu, Beibei Xu, Jiachen Zhu, Miaomiao Ma, Wenqing Zhang, Liangxi Xie, Zhong Ouyang, Yidan Xu, Yongcheng Su

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of genomics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Dan ZhouFujian-Taiwan Smart Health and Elderly Care Research Center, Xiamen City University, Xiamen, 361008, China.
Tianhui HuXiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China, xmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3998-5145
Beibei XuInstitute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China, cas.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6940-4247
Jiachen ZhuXiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China, xmu.edu.cn.
Miaomiao MaXiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China, xmu.edu.cn.
Wenqing ZhangXiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China, xmu.edu.cn.
Liangxi XieDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiang'an, Xiamen, 361100, China, xmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1834-2319
Zhong OuyangDepartment of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004, China, xmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0788-3323
Yidan XuFujian-Taiwan Smart Health and Elderly Care Research Center, Xiamen City University, Xiamen, 361008, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1092-910X
Yongcheng SuDepartment of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004, China, xmu.edu.cn.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6322-7681

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Senescence is a critical risk factor for the development of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), yet its specific impact on the disease remains inadequately understood. This study aims to elucidate the role of pivotal genes in mediating the effects of gene expression on cell senescence and TNBC progression. We employed a combination of Mendelian randomization (MR) and single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate these relationships. A two-sample MR approach was utilized to assess causal links between pivotal genes and TNBC. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of senescence and TNBC datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database revealed a significant association between the gene GZMK and increased TNBC risk. Our single-cell analysis uncovered a complex network of ligand-receptor interactions in GZMK + central memory CD8+ T cells (CD8_CM), which frequently interacted with macrophages, monocytes, and epithelial cells. GZMK expression was correlated with pseudotime progression, indicating its potential role in TNBC development. Enrichment analysis suggested that GZMK + CD8_CM cells play a role in enhancing immune process regulation, pointing to a broader immune response. Bulk sequencing further confirmed the presence of GZMK expression in TNBC samples. Functional experiments demonstrated that GZMK significantly influences the proliferation, migration, and invasion of TNBC cell lines

Indexed as

cell senescenceMendelian randomizationsingle-cell RNA sequencingtriple-negative breast cancertumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID42004980
PMCPMC13088264

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.