Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42003830›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of primatology2026

Post-Release Survival and Behavior of Rehabilitated Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus rufoviridis) in Malawi.

Laura P Angley, Nicholas Mikulski, Olivia Sievert, Amanda Harwood, William O Mgoola, Christopher A Schmitt

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of primatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Laura P AngleyDepartment of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Nicholas MikulskiDepartment of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Olivia SievertLilongwe Wildlife Trust, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Amanda HarwoodLilongwe Wildlife Trust, Lilongwe, Malawi.
William O MgoolaDepartment of National Parks and Wildlife, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Christopher A SchmittDepartment of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2143-9226

Funding

Columbus Zoo and AquariumInternational Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW)Jean Sainsbury's Animal Welfare TrustLilongwe Wildlife Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Published research on primate rehabilitation and release (R&R) is limited and studies suggest that released mortality is generally high. We investigated factors affecting survival and behavior of a rehabilitated troop of vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus rufoviridis) released into Kasungu National Park in Malawi in 2016 by the Lilongwe Wildlife Trust (LWT). Estimated troop survival 9 months after release was 45% when dispersing-age male disappearances were considered emigrations, which is comparable to other vervet monkey R&R. Using a combination of linear modeling, survival analysis, and social network analysis, we considered social rank, forest strata use, antipredator behavior, troop cohesion and social connectedness, and behavioral diversity across release phases as potential factors influencing survival. Our results suggest that socially connected individuals and juveniles were more likely to survive, with these factors more significant than sex, social rank, and antipredator behavior. Unexpectedly, antipredator behavior significantly decreased after release, which may be a factor linked to increased predation. Also unexpectedly, behavioral diversity decreased post-release, likely due to a significant increase in locomotion upon release and limitations with our ethogram. The observed mortality patterns suggest that R&R troops may benefit from pre-release training with platform feeders that encourage canopy use. When possible, individual life history data (e.g., captive-born, orphaned) should be collected at rescue and rehabilitation stages to help inform caretakers of unique needs. LWT's extensive pre- and post-release monitoring provides vital insights into the factors influencing this troop's survival. We urge other rehabilitation centers to follow this strategy to improve R&R programs.

Indexed as

Behavior, AnimalAnimalsChlorocebus aethiopsFemaleMalawiMalePredatory BehaviorSocial BehaviorChlorocebusprimate behaviorrehabilitationsavanna monkeysvervet monkeyswildlife

Identifiers

PMID42003830
PMCPMC13094326

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.