Factors influencing breast self-exam practice and awareness among females in Saudi Arabia.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women, characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal breast cells. Breast self-examination (BSE) is a simple and cost-effective method for early detection. To examine factors influencing the awareness and practice of BSE among females in Saudi Arabia, and to identify the determinants that affect breast cancer awareness and BSE practices among Saudi women. A cross-sectional study was conducted, targeting females aged 18-65 years in Saudi Arabia. A sample of 930 participants was recruited via social media, employing an online Arabic questionnaire to evaluate demographics, awareness, attitudes, and BSE practices. Most participants were single (71.3%), held a bachelor's degree (59.4%), and identified as students (65.5%). Awareness of breast cancer was relatively low, with only 13.5% recognizing that women in their fifties have a higher risk of developing the condition, while 38.1% identified common symptoms. Although 79% had heard of BSE, only 42.6% knew how to perform it correctly, and 32.6% understood that BSE is not a substitute for mammograms. Only 21.3% demonstrated good overall awareness of breast cancer and BSE. Higher awareness correlates with older age, higher education, marital status, employment, and personal/family history of breast cancer. BSE awareness and practices among Saudi women are insufficient. Targeted efforts to enhance awareness and BSE practices should focus on younger, less educated, single, and unemployed women to promote regular examination and early detection.