Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42002214›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of pediatrics2026

Associations of Colic and Excessive Crying in Infancy with Food Allergy Outcomes in Childhood and Adolescence.

Karen M Switkowski, Emily Oken, Elisabeth M Simonin, Kari C Nadeau, Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman, Jenifer R Lightdale

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Karen M SwitkowskiDivision of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford School of Medicine, Boston, MA. Electronic address: kswitko1@stanford.edu.
Emily OkenDivision of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
Elisabeth M SimoninDepartment of Biology, Simmons University, Boston, MA.
Kari C NadeauDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
Sheryl L Rifas-ShimanDivision of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA.
Jenifer R LightdaleDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.

Funding

Prenatal environmental determinants of health in young adulthood: a lifecourse approachR01HD034568 · NICHD · HARVARD PILGRIM HEALTH CARE, INC. · PI Marie-France Hivert, Emily Oken · 1998 to 2026
$20.6M
Common and distinct early environmental influences on cardiometabolic and respiratory health: Mechanisms and methodsUH3OD023286 · OD · HARVARD PILGRIM HEALTH CARE, INC. · PI OKEN, EMILY · 2018 to 2022
$11.7M
Maintain and Enrich Resource Infrastructure for Project Viva: a pre-birth cohort with follow up into adolescenceR24ES030894 · NIEHS · HARVARD PILGRIM HEALTH CARE, INC. · PI OKEN, EMILY · 2020 to 2024
$2.0M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD034568NIEHS NIH HHS R24 ES030894NIH HHS UH3 OD023286
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess the extent to which food allergies and food-specific IgE levels in childhood and adolescence differ among children who had infant colic, excessive crying without colic, or neither condition. STUDY

designWe prospectively followed children in the unselected Project Viva pre-birth cohort. We assessed parent-reported colic (unsoothable crying + apparent abdominal discomfort) and excessive crying without colic in infancy and examined associations with parent-reported food allergy from early childhood through mid-adolescence using multivariable logistic regression. In a subset (n = 242) with available biomarkers, we examined associations of colic with food-specific IgE sensitization in early childhood.

resultsThe study sample of 1263 participants was 50% female and 70% non-Hispanic White. Participants who had colic (25%) had a greater risk of any food allergy in early childhood than those unaffected by crying or colic (13% vs 8%; OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.7). In early adolescence, the colic group had 2.1 times the risk of peanut allergy (8% vs 4%; 95% CI 1.1-4.1) and 2.6 times the risk of tree nut allergy (8% vs 3%; 95% CI: 1.3, 5.2) vs the unaffected group; risks persisted into mid-adolescence. In the subset with IgE, the colic group had 2.5 times the risk of early childhood IgE sensitization to peanuts compared with the unaffected (22% vs 11%; 95% CI 1.1-5.6). Excessive crying (10%) was not associated with food allergy outcomes.

conclusionsColic may be an early marker of food allergy risk. Infants with colic may benefit from proven food allergy prevention strategies, including early, consistent introduction of potentially allergenic foods.

Indexed as

ColicCryingFood HypersensitivityAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin EInfantMaleProspective StudiesImmunoglobulin EatopycohortIgEProject Viva

Identifiers

PMID42002214
PMCPMC13294937

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.