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ArticleClinical and experimental nephrology2026

Characteristics of newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus patients with or without kidney involvement: analysis of the National Database of Designated Intractable Diseases of Japan.

Hidekazu Ikeuchi, Tomonori Kimura, Ryuichi Sakate, Shoichi Maruyama, Yoshitaka Isaka, Ichiei Narita, Keiju Hiromura

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Article in Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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7 authors.

Hidekazu IkeuchiDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
Tomonori KimuraDepartment of Nephrology, The University of Osaka Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Ryuichi SakateLaboratory of Rare Disease Information and Resource Library, Center for Intractable Diseases and ImmunoGenomics (CiDIG), Health and Nutrition (NIBN), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Ibaraki, Japan.
Shoichi MaruyamaDepartment of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
Yoshitaka IsakaDepartment of Nephrology, The University of Osaka Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
Ichiei NaritaDivision of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Keiju HiromuraDepartment of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan. hiromura@gunma-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9490-8364

Funding

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare 20FC1045Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare 23FC1048
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe purpose of this study was to clarify the characteristics of newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with or without kidney involvement in Japan.

methodsWe used electronic data of SLE patients in the National Database of Designated Intractable Diseases of Japan who newly registered between 2015 and 2017. We analyzed patients within one year of disease onset. Kidney involvement was defined as any of the following: urinary protein ≥ 0.5 g/day, granular casts, a clinical diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome, acute or chronic renal failure, or rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m

resultsAmong 2315 SLE patients, 1088 (47.0%) had kidney involvement. Patients with kidney involvement more frequently exhibited symptoms such as pulmonary hemorrhage, pulmonary infarction and disturbance of consciousness, pericarditis, and hemolytic anemia whereas manifestations such as arthritis, aseptic meningitis, discoid rash, photosensitivity, and Raynaud's phenomenon were less common compared with those without kidney involvement. Anti-DNA antibody positivity was higher and complement levels (C3, C4, and CH50) were lower in patients with kidney involvement. In addition, concomitant glucocorticoid pulse therapy and immunosuppressive drugs were more frequently used in patients with kidney involvement.

conclusionIn this nationwide cohort, nearly half of newly diagnosed Japanese patients with SLE had kidney involvement and showed a distinct pattern of systemic manifestations, autoantibody profiles, and treatment intensity. These findings provide important insights into the epidemiology and pathophysiology of kidney involvement in SLE in Japan.

Indexed as

Lupus Erythematosus, SystemicLupus NephritisAdolescentAdultAntibodies, AntinuclearDatabases, FactualFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateGlucocorticoidsHumansImmunosuppressive AgentsJapanKidneyMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultAntibodies, Antinuclearanti-dsDNA autoantibodyGlucocorticoidsImmunosuppressive AgentsAnti-DNA antibodyGlucocorticoidKidney involvementSystemic lupus erythematosus

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