ArticleAnnals of Saudi medicine
Clinical features and disease severity across immune status in pediatric patients with COVID-19.
Article in Annals of Saudi medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundCOVID-19 pandemic has caused a major global health disruption. Pediatric presentations vary widely, particularly among children with differing immune status.
objectivesTo compare the clinical presentation, disease course, and outcomes of immunocompetent versus immunocompromised pediatric patients with COVID-19 in a tertiary referral hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
designRetrospective chart review. SETTINGS: A tertiary center treating immunocompromised children including those with HIV, solid and hematologic malignancies, and solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. PATIENTS AND
methodsRecords of 123 pediatric patients (<15 years) with confirmed COVID-19 from March 2020 to March 2021 were reviewed. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiologic, and treatment variables were extracted and compared between immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Chi-square testing was used with significance set at
main outcome measuresDifferences in symptoms, severity, clinical progression, and outcomes between immunocompetent and immunocompromised children. SAMPLE SIZE: 123 children.
resultsMost patients were immunocompetent (93, 75.6%). Immunocompromised children primarily included post-transplant or oncology patients on chemotherapy. Fever was the most common presenting symptom (69, 56.1%), significantly more common in immunocompetent children (
conclusionCOVID-19 severity and recovery appeared similar between immunocompetent and immunocompromised pediatric patients in this cohort. However, the higher hospitalization rate observed among immunocompromised children likely reflects precautionary admission practices rather than increased disease severity. Findings should be interpreted cautiously given the small immunocompromised subgroup and heterogeneity of underlying conditions. Interpretation of these findings is limited by the retrospective design and relatively small sample size. Larger multicenter studies are required to confirm these observations.
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