Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42001068›Full record

ArticleBMC ophthalmology2026

Visual function and cerebrospinal fluid volume along the optic nerve in patients with spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: a cross-sectional study.

Zheng Zhang, Kun Lei, Jing Xia, Zhijun Yang, Pinan Liu, Hai Xue

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Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Zheng ZhangBeijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 1 Dongjiaominxiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
Kun LeiDepartment of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Jing XiaSchool of Computer Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
Zhijun YangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
Pinan LiuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China. pinanliu@ccmu.edu.cn.
Hai XueDepartment of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China. haixue@mail.ccmu.edu.cn.

Funding

Cross-disciplinary Research Fund of Beijing Tiantan Hospital JCZX-2025-02
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe aim of the present study was to establish a mathematical reconstruction model to analyze cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics along the optic nerve (ON). Visual function and its correlation with CSF dynamics along the ON were explored in patients with spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea.

methodsNeuro-ophthalmological evaluations, including intraocular pressure (IOP), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and visual field (VF) tests, as well as optical coherence tomography (OCT), were performed in 25 patients with spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea and 25 normal controls (NCs). In the patient group, CT cisternography images were reconstructed, and the contrast-loaded CSF (CLCSF) volume along the ON was calculated by nnU-Net, a deep-learning method. Correlations among the CLCSF volume along the ON, CSF pressure (CSFP) and neuro-ophthalmological parameters were analyzed.

resultsThe neuro-ophthalmological analyses revealed significant differences in the BCVA, visual field index (VFI), mean deviation (MD), and pattern standard deviation (PSD) between patients and NCs. Correlation analysis revealed that the CLCSF volume along the ON was correlated with IOP and CSFP in eyes on the ipsilateral side of leakage and strongly correlated with the thickness of the GCC and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) in eyes on the contralateral side of leakage.

conclusionSubtle functional visual changes are present in patients with spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea, manifesting as decreased visual acuity and VF defects. The CLCSF volume along the ON is correlated with CSFP and affects retinal thickness.

Indexed as

Cerebrospinal FluidCerebrospinal Fluid RhinorrheaOptic NerveVisual AcuityVisual FieldsAdultCerebrospinal Fluid PressureCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIntraocular PressureMaleMiddle AgedTomography, Optical CoherenceYoung AdultArtificial intelligenceContrast-loaded CSF volumeCT cisternographyOptic nerveSpontaneous CSF rhinorrheaVisual function

Identifiers

PMID42001068
PMCPMC13227825

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