Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42000661›Full record

ReviewCurrent opinion in microbiology2026

The case for exploring innate memory in Plasmodium infection.

Nhi Nt Ho, Tinotenda Tongogara, Tuan M Tran, Alexis Kaushansky, Elizabeth Kk Glennon

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current opinion in microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nhi Nt HoUniversity of Washington, Pathobiology Doctoral Program, Department of Global Health, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, USA.
Tinotenda TongogaraSeattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, USA.
Tuan M TranUniversity of Indiana School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Alexis KaushanskyUniversity of Washington, Pathobiology Doctoral Program, Department of Global Health, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, USA; University of Washington, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: alexis.kaushansky@seattlechildrens.org.
Elizabeth Kk GlennonSeattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: elizabeth.glennon@seattlechildrens.org.

Funding

Evaluating the role of P53 pathways in malariaR01AI158719 · NIAID · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI TRAN, TUAN MANH · 2021 to 2025
$3.4M
Perturbations of host cell signaling by a complex hepatotropic pathogenR01AI177257 · NIAID · SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI Alexis Kaushansky · 2023 to 2026
$2.6M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI158719NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI177257
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In highly malaria-endemic areas, individuals can receive a bite from a Plasmodium-infected mosquito daily. Yet, most studies in the laboratory only assess a single infection, and our current understanding of malaria immunity does not fully explain how recurrent infections in the field impact pathogenesis and immunity upon re-infection. A growing body of literature suggests innate immune memory, in which epigenetic reprogramming regulates the immune response to sequential infections independently of adaptive immunity, may explain some of the dynamics of recurring Plasmodium infection in endemic areas. Here, we summarize the basic concepts of innate immune memory and findings that support its role in controlling Plasmodium infection and pathogenesis. Furthermore, we postulate that innate memory in non-immune cells, which is only beginning to be described in other disease systems, may have significant consequences in the context of the complex Plasmodium lifecycle.

Indexed as

MalariaPlasmodiumTrained ImmunityAnimalsHumans

Identifiers

PMID42000661
PMCPMC13195562

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.