Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41998690›Full record

ArticleBMC medical education2026

Integrating health equity into obstetrics and gynecology education: exploratory insights from students and community advocates.

Farimata Mbaye-Rolph, Kimberly B Glazer, Frances M Howell, Devin A Madden, Susan Khalil, Candice Fraser, Cynthia Abraham, Jessica Lang, Toni Stern, Teresa Janevic

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical education, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Farimata Mbaye-RolphDepartment of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. fmbaye0819@gmail.com.
Kimberly B GlazerDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Frances M HowellDepartment of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Devin A MaddenInstitute for Health Equity Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Susan KhalilDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Candice FraserDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Cynthia AbrahamDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Jessica LangDepartment of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Toni SternDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Teresa JanevicDepartment of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.

Funding

Developing a curriculum in obstetric, gynecologic, and reproductive health care equity to bridge research and practice R25LM014339 · NLM · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI Teresa Janevic, Toni Stern · 2023 to 2026
$647k
NLM NIH HHS R25 LM014339
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEquity content is increasingly included in medical education, yet learners report difficulty translating these concepts into clinical practice. Obstetrics and gynecology (Ob/Gyn) — given its legacy of reproductive inequity — offers a critical lens to examine current approaches to equity training. Thus, we ask how medical students and community advocates experience current efforts to teach equity and person-centered care in the Ob/Gyn undergraduate curriculum. We also ask for actionable strategies that students and community advocates would recommend for integrating these values in clinical training.

methodsFrom 2023 to 2024 we conducted seven exploratory focus groups with medical students (n = 7) and community advocates (n = 17) engaged in social justice work spanning topics in sexual health, reproductive health, disability health, and other advocacy focuses. Participants were recruited using purposive and snowball sampling. Sessions were recorded on HIPAA‑compliant Zoom, transcribed, and analyzed the focus group data. Four coders independently engaged in iterative, phenomenological analysis through immersion in transcripts, reflexive bracketing, and collaborative interpretation to identify themes in shared experiences.

resultsStudents described equity content as repetitive and disconnected from clinical learning, with limited modeling of inclusive practices during clerkships. Community advocates emphasized how hierarchies, implicit bias, and structural barriers in medical culture perpetuate harm and erode trust, especially in reproductive care. Opportunities for transformation included: (1) reframing the physician’s role from sole expert to listener with expertise; (2) integrating patient narratives and lived experience throughout training; (3) rehearsing sensitive situations; and (4) establishing longitudinal accountability mechanisms to reinforce and evaluate equity practices.

conclusionsA gap persists between curricular intentions and clinical realities in equity education. To prepare learners for equity‑driven Ob/Gyn practice, training must be clinically integrated, community-informed, and institutionally supported, with embedded patient voices, deliberate skills practice, and mechanisms for accountability.

trial registrationNot applicable.

Indexed as

Education, Medical, UndergraduateGynecologyHealth EquityObstetricsStudents, MedicalAcademiaCurriculumFemaleFocus GroupsHumansMaleSocial JusticeAccountabilityCommunity engagementCurriculumHealth equityObstetrics and gynecologyQualitative researchSimulationUndergraduate medical education

Identifiers

PMID41998690
PMCPMC13214380

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.