Hepatic abscess associated with ductal plate malformation in a dog.

backgroundHepatic abscesses are an uncommon but potentially life-threatening condition in dogs. Various predisposing factors have been reported, including biliary tract disease, systemic infection, endocrine disorders, and congenital hepatic abnormalities. Ductal plate malformation (DPM) is a rare developmental anomaly of the intrahepatic bile ducts that can result in abnormal biliary architecture, portal fibrosis, and impaired hepatic drainage. However, its association with secondary hepatic infection or abscess formation has not been well documented in veterinary medicine. CASE PRESENTATION: A 9-year-old neutered male Yorkshire Terrier receiving trilostane therapy for Cushing’s syndrome was presented with acute lethargy, anorexia, and markedly increased liver enzyme activities. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a fluid-filled, poorly enhancing lesion in the left lateral hepatic lobe, consistent with a hepatic abscess. Cytologic examination identified numerous rod, and bacterial culture isolated Escherichia coli. Persistent fever and leukocytosis despite broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy necessitated partial left lateral lobectomy. Gross examination revealed a cavitated mass containing necrotic debris. Histopathology demonstrated marked portal fibrosis, disorganized bile duct profiles, and hepatocellular degeneration, findings consistent with ductal plate malformation accompanied by secondary bacterial infection. The patient exhibited rapid clinical and biochemical improvement postoperatively, with normalization of inflammatory markers and liver enzyme activities.

conclusionsThis case describes a canine hepatic abscess associated with an underlying ductal plate malformation, suggesting that congenital biliary anomalies may predispose affected animals to ascending bacterial infection and localized hepatic suppuration. Recognition of congenital hepatobiliary malformations is important when evaluating dogs with hepatic abscessation, especially in cases with atypical imaging findings or recurrent inflammation. Surgical resection combined with targeted antimicrobial therapy can be curative, even in complex cases involving congenital hepatic abnormalities.