Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41995926›Full record

ArticleAIDS and behavior2026

HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Men and Transgender/Gender Expansive Individuals Who Have Sex with Men in Kazakhstan: Associations with HIV Stigma, Internalized Homophobia, and Community Connectedness.

Xiaotong Yang, Emily Allen Paine, Alissa Davis, Yong Gun Lee, Vitaliy Vinogradov, Gulnara Zhakupova, Gaukhar Mergenova, Timothy Hunt, Sholpan Primbetova, Assel Terlikbayeva and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in AIDS and behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Xiaotong YangSocial Intervention Group, Columbia School of Social Work, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-3355-3290
Emily Allen PaineDepartment of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6177-2835
Alissa DavisSocial Intervention Group, Columbia School of Social Work, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2084-9741
Yong Gun LeeGlobal Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5838-3337
Vitaliy VinogradovGlobal Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-3839-7337
Gulnara ZhakupovaGlobal Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Gaukhar MergenovaGlobal Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4702-1944
Timothy HuntSocial Intervention Group, Columbia School of Social Work, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5418-3979
Sholpan PrimbetovaGlobal Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7633-7764
Assel TerlikbayevaGlobal Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4067-1998
Elwin WuSocial Intervention Group, Columbia School of Social Work, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA. elwin.wu@columbia.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4253-3430

Funding

Increasing Involvement of MSM in the Continuum of Care in KazakhstanR01DA040513 · NIDA · COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE · PI WU, ELWIN · 2016 to 2020
$3.4M
NIDA NIH HHS R01DA040513
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Since 2010, Kazakhstan has experienced an increase in HIV transmission. Men and transgender/gender-expansive people who have sex with men (MSM and TSM) carry a disproportionate HIV burden. Building on Paine et al. (2021), which linked HIV testing to stigma, internalized homophobia, and sexual- and gender-expansive (SGE) community connectedness-this brief report examined biologically confirmed HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). SGE connectedness was significantly associated with HIV infection, while HIV stigma and internalized homophobia were significantly associated with STIs. Interventions reducing stigma and strengthening SGE community ties may curb HIV and STI transmission among MSM and TSM in Kazakhstan.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsHomophobiaHomosexuality, MaleSexually Transmitted DiseasesSocial StigmaTransgender PersonsAdultFemaleGender-Nonconforming PersonsHumansKazakhstanMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultHIVHIV stigmaHomophobiaKazakhstanMSMSocial connectednessSTITransgender

Identifiers

PMID41995926

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.