ArticlePediatric cardiology2026
Surgical and Catheter-Based Intervention in Pediatric Pulmonary Vein Stenosis.
Article in Pediatric cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Extracorporeal Life Support (ECLS) for Pulmonary Vein Stenosis Interventions.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is a rare but serious condition in children, often requiring surgical or catheter-based interventions. The initial optimal treatment strategy remains unclear due to disease complexity, progression, and high rates of recurrence.
methodsIn this retrospective, single-center study, we identified children with primary or secondary PVS from a cardiac catheterization and surgical database between 2015 and 2023. Patients with single ventricle physiology were excluded. Demographics and outcomes were compared between patients who underwent catheter-based intervention only and those who underwent at least one surgical pulmonary vein repair, with or without subsequent catheter-based reintervention. Reintervention following surgical repair was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis.
resultsAmong 56 children with biventricular physiology and PVS (33 males, 59%), 16 (29%) underwent at least one surgical repair at a median age of 9 months (IQR 4-20), while 40 (71%) were managed with catheter-based interventions alone. Surgical repair was more frequently performed in patients with bilateral or complex disease, particularly those without prematurity or with coexisting congenital heart defects requiring open-heart surgery. Over time, catheter-based approaches became increasingly preferred. Overall, 92% of surgical patients required reintervention, most within the first year. Mortality did not significantly differ between groups (p = 0.294). In the surgical group, elevated right ventricular/systemic systolic pressure ratio (HR: 1.25, p = 0.048) and the presence of scimitar syndrome (HR: 8.25, p = 0.011) were associated with increased mortality.
conclusionsSurgical pulmonary vein repair remains an important option, particularly in cases where catheter-based intervention is not feasible due to anatomical challenges or when multiple pulmonary veins are severely affected. However, recurrent pulmonary vein re-intervention is common, regardless of whether the initial approach was surgical or catheter-based.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41995823What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.