Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41994843›Full record

ArticleCureus2026

A Peer-Led School-Based Intervention for Safer Internet Use Among Primary School Students: A Controlled Pre-Post Study.

Evangelia Siafarika, Sotiria Makaroni, Chara Tzavara, Eleni Panagouli, Loretta Thomaidou, Artemis Tsitsika, Maria Tsolia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Evangelia SiafarikaSecond Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA) Panagiotis and Aglaia Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, GRC.
Sotiria MakaroniSecond Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA) Panagiotis and Aglaia Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, GRC.
Chara TzavaraSchool of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, GRC.
Eleni PanagouliDepartment of Basic Sciences, Medical School, University of Nicosia, Athens, GRC.
Loretta ThomaidouSecond Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA) Panagiotis and Aglaia Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, GRC.
Artemis TsitsikaSecond Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA) Panagiotis and Aglaia Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, GRC.
Maria TsoliaSecond Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA) Panagiotis and Aglaia Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, GRC.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction Increasing evidence links problematic internet use and excessive digital engagement with psychosocial vulnerability among youth. While adolescent populations have been extensively studied, preventive interventions targeting late childhood remain limited. This study examined changes in adolescents' internet-related behaviors - social networking time, device use frequency, gaming, and compulsive internet use (10-item Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS-10)) - associated with participation in a school-based intervention. Methods A controlled pre-post design was implemented among 235 fifth- and sixth-grade students (intervention group n = 125; control group n = 110). Twelve peer leaders were selected through voluntary participation and multi-criteria assessment and received structured training in digital literacy and peer facilitation. Behavioral indicators of internet use were assessed at baseline and two months after intervention. Normality of continuous variables was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Descriptive statistics included means, standard deviations (SD), frequencies (N), and percentages (%), according to the type of variable. Between-group comparisons were performed using Mann-Whitney U (continuous variables), Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests (categorical variables), and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests (pre-post comparisons groups). Results No baseline differences were observed between groups. Post-intervention analyses demonstrated statistically significant reductions in the intervention group in daily social networking time, device use frequency, online interaction behaviors, and gaming activities (p < .001; small to moderate effect sizes). No comparable pattern was observed in the control group. Conclusions Structured peer-led interventions may represent a feasible early preventive approach for promoting healthier digital engagement patterns in primary school settings.

Indexed as

gaminginternetinterventionmobile phonesocial networking

Identifiers

PMID41994843
PMCPMC13081756

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.