Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41994656›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in oncology2026

Cellular senescence in cancer immunology and potential therapeutic strategy.

Xiao-Dan Qian, Li-De Tao, Li-Hong Zhang, An-Lai Ji, Lei Wang, Muhammad Mudasar Iqbal, Yi Luo

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Xiao-Dan QianDepartment of Paediatrics, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Li-De TaoDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Li-Hong ZhangDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
An-Lai JiDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Lei WangDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Muhammad Mudasar IqbalDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Yi LuoDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cellular senescence represents a state of stable, often irreversible cell cycle arrest. Unlike apoptosis, senescent cells (SCs) remain metabolically active and engage in robust secretory activity, most notably through the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP exerts profound and context-dependent effects on tumor initiation and progression. This review analyzes the dual role of senescent cells in tumor immunity. On one hand, they can exhibit anti-tumorigenic effects through SASP-mediated enhancement of immune surveillance and their inherent high immunogenicity. On the other hand, they can promote tumorigenesis by fostering an immunosuppressive microenvironment, polarizing immune cells via the SASP, and upregulating senescence-associated immune checkpoints (SAICs) to facilitate immune escape. These dual characteristics inform promising therapeutic strategies: first, inducing senescence in tumor cells, and second, selectively eliminating the resulting senescent populations. Notably, systemic senescence induction can cause off-target effects in healthy tissues, underscoring the need for targeted delivery systems. In conclusion, we highlight emerging senescence-targeted immunotherapies as a next-generation approach to strategically harness senescence for cancer control.

Indexed as

cellular senescenceimmune evasionimmunosuppressiveimmunotherapysenescence-associated secretory phenotype

Identifiers

PMID41994656
PMCPMC13080792

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.