Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41994633›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in oncology2026

Global disparities in access to diagnostics and therapies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: from discovery to delivery - a review.

Lea Ruge, Malte Verheyen, Felix John, Jürgen Wolf

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Melatonin in lung cancer: integrating molecular mechanisms, tumor microenvironment regulation, apoptotic signaling, and therapeutic opportunities.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Lea RugeUniversity Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, Lung Cancer Group Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Malte VerheyenUniversity Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, Lung Cancer Group Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Felix JohnUniversity Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, Lung Cancer Group Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Jürgen WolfUniversity Hospital of Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, Lung Cancer Group Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has undergone a profound transformation over the past two decades through the integration of molecular diagnostics, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy into clinical practice. Despite these advances, access to modern diagnostics and treatments remains highly uneven across regions and health-care systems, leading to persistent global disparities in diagnostic accuracy, therapeutic options, and patient outcomes. This review explores diagnostic and therapeutic disparities in advanced NSCLC across high-, middle-, and low-income settings, a disease context that is increasingly dependent on timely access to molecularly guided treatment decisions. We describe regional and income-related differences in the availability and implementation of molecular diagnostics and novel systemic therapies, and discuss structural and systemic factors influencing access to innovation, including health-care infrastructure, regulatory environments, and resource constraints. By synthesizing evidence from international guidelines, real-world studies, and global oncology literature, this narrative review highlights how unequal adoption of advances in NSCLC care continues to contribute to outcome differences worldwide and identifies key challenges relevant to future efforts aimed at reducing inequities.

Indexed as

accessdiagonsticsdisparitieslow- and middle-income countriesmolecular testingnon-small cell lung cancerNSCLCreimbursement

Identifiers

PMID41994633
PMCPMC13079180

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.