ArticleHealth science reports2026
Beyond BMI: Visceral Fat and Comorbidities as Major Risk Factors for Urinary Incontinence in Elderly Women-A Case-Control Study.
Article in Health science reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Background and Aims: Urinary incontinence (UI) is prevalent in older women, reducing quality of life and increasing healthcare burden. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between UI and comprehensive body composition-viz, visceral fat, waist circumference, and muscle mass-in older Iranian women. Methods: This case-control study included 845 community-dwelling women aged ≥ 60 years from the Amirkola Health Assessment Project (AHAP-Phase 2). Participants were assigned to UI ( Results: The prevalence of UI was 52.5% (444/845). Women with UI were considerably older, had more chronic diseases, and more often used sedative-hypnotic drugs. UI cases had higher rates of obesity, larger waist circumference (mean difference: 1.82 cm, 95% CI: 0.33-3.31), higher visceral fat (mean difference: 57.2 g, 95% CI: 11.6-102.8), and higher android/gynoid fat ratio (mean difference: 0.02, 95% CI: 0.002-0.038). Lean mass was not significantly different. No significant differences in body composition were found between UI subtypes. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that normal-weight women (BMI < 25) had 48% lower odds of UI compared to obese women (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33-0.82, Conclusion: Central obesity and the burden of chronic diseases are strongly associated with UI in older women, while normal BMI has protective effects. It should be noted that a normal BMI does not fully account for UI risk factors. Interventions targeting the reduction of visceral fat and comorbidity control may improve urinary health.
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