Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41994397›Full record

ArticlePakistan journal of medical sciences2026

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis-E infection in healthy blood donors in an endemic country.

Lubna Kamani, Adeel Rahat, Sana Anwar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Lubna KamaniLubna Kamani, FCPS, MRCP(UK), FRCP(London) Professor & Director GI Residency Program, Gastroenterology Department, 3rd Floor, Wajid Ali Shah Building, Liaquat National Hospital, National Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan.
Adeel RahatAdeel Rahat, FCPS Specialist Gastroenterology, King Salman Hospital, Aishah Bint Abi Bakr, Al Uraija Al Wusta, Riyadh 12769, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Sana AnwarSana Anwar, FCPS Professor, Department of Microbiology, 3rd Floor, Wajid Ali Shah Building, Liaquat National Hospital, National Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of Hepatitis-E prevalence among blood donors at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthy blood donors at the blood donation facility of Liaquat National Hospital (LNH) by Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Microbiology from October 2020 to January 2022. The blood samples were screened for Hepatitis E virus (HEV) using anti-HEV antibodies (IgG and IgM). Those who tested positive for anti-HEV IgM were tested for HEV-RNA by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain (PCR). Results: A total of 515 individuals were screened. The mean age was 30.08±7.56 years, and all were males. The mean ALT values recorded were 42.8447±32. Anti HEV IgG was positive in 366 individuals (71%). Anti HEV IgM was positive in 31 (6%) individuals, but HEV - RNA PCR was negative in all IgM+ individuals. Conclusion: The high seroprevalence of Anti HEV IgM among healthy blood donors emphasizes the need for robust measures of routine screening for HEV of all blood products in endemic countries to prevent transfusion dependent transmission with special consideration when the recipients are either immunocompromised or pregnant.

Indexed as

Blood donorHepatitis EHEVPakistanSeroprevalenceTransfusion-dependent transmission

Identifiers

PMID41994397
PMCPMC13080081

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.