Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41994179›Full record

ArticleIJTLD open2026

Interferon-gamma release assay positivity in populations at high risk of TB infection.

A F Dagnew, L L Han, A Cinar, D Gaikwad, A L Garcia-Basteiro, M T Gler, S R Hadinegoro, W A Hanekom, J R Lama, M Muyoyeta and 13 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in IJTLD open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

A F DagnewGates Medical Research Institute, Clinical Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.
L L HanGates Medical Research Institute, Clinical Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.
A CinarGates Medical Research Institute, Clinical Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.
D GaikwadDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, PCMC'S PGI YCM Hospital, Pune, India.
A L Garcia-BasteiroCentro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Maputo, Mozambique.
M T GlerTB HIV Innovations and Clinical Research Foundation, Cavite, Philippines.
S R HadinegoroDepartment of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
W A HanekomAfrica Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
J R LamaAsociación Civil Impacta Salud y Educación, Lima, Peru.
M MuyoyetaCentre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ), Lusaka, Zambia.
S MusalaNational Tuberculosis Program/National TB Reference Laboratory, Kinshasa City, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
V NdubaKenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Respiratory Diseases Research (CRDR), Nairobi, Kenya.
V C RollaNational Institute of Infectious Diseases Evandro Chagas - Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
T RoyIRD Global, Bangladesh Country Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
J S SutherlandVaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit the Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, the Gambia.
S ViegasInstituto Nacional de Saúde, Marracuene, Mozambique.
A WajjaMedical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.
T M WalkerOxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
R NobleGates Medical Research Institute, Clinical Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.
L SchlehuberGates Medical Research Institute, Clinical Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.
J SunshineGates Medical Research Institute, Clinical Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.
A C SchmidtGates Medical Research Institute, Clinical Development, Cambridge, MA, USA.
TBV02-E01 Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPhase 3 TB vaccine trials are challenging in low-incidence settings due to the need for large sample sizes and extended follow-up. This global, observational study evaluated population-based interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) status - a measure of TB infection (TBI), as a proxy for TB incidence to identify trial sites in high-incidence areas.

methodsParticipants (15-34 years) were recruited from 45 sites in 14 countries. IGRA status at Day 1 and Month 12, association of IGRA status with age, and IGRA conversion (TBI) were assessed.

resultsAmong 7,164 enrolled participants, Day 1 IGRA positivity varied across sites and within countries, with the highest prevalence observed in South Africa (58.7%, site 1006; 53.1%, site 1010; 51.9%, site 1007) and the Democratic Republic of Congo (50.0%, site 2303). IGRA positivity was generally higher among older participants. At Month 12, sites with highest IGRA conversion were observed in the Philippines (32.3%, site 1507) and Zambia (30.6%, site 1303).

conclusionIn TB vaccine efficacy trials with clinical endpoints, selecting sites with the highest TB incidence is critical to optimise sample size and follow-up duration. Site-level IGRA status could inform site selection by identifying communities at increased risk of

Indexed as

epidemiologyIGRATBItuberculosisvaccine efficacy trial

Identifiers

PMID41994179
PMCPMC13080303

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.