Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41994086›Full record

ReviewAEM education and training2026

Coaching and Individualized Learning in Competency-Based Medical Education: Framework Development and Research Priorities.

Simanjit K Mand, Meg Wolff, Nicole Zamignani, Sarah R Williams, Sally A Santen, Kevin R Scott, Alexander Garrett, Charles Brown, Jung G Kim, Michele L Dorfsman and 2 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in AEM education and training, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Simanjit K MandEmergency Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison Wisconsin USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4818-0882
Meg WolffEmergency Medicine and Pediatrics University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor Michigan USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3637-2653
Nicole ZamignaniEmergency Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California USA.
Sarah R WilliamsThe Coaching Office: Advancing Coaching in Healthcare and Medical Education (COACHME@Stanford) Stanford USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5106-2688
Sally A SantenEmergency Medicine and Medical Education University of Cincinnati School of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8327-8002
Kevin R ScottEmergency Medicine Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine Scranton Pennsylvania USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1862-2855
Alexander GarrettEmergency Medicine University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle Washington USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1504-3612
Charles BrownEmergency Medicine Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine Portland Oregon USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1952-4245
Jung G KimEmergency Medicine New York University Grossman School of Medicine New York City New York USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0778-4931
Michele L DorfsmanEmergency Medicine University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5357-3775
Holly Caretta-WeyerEmergency Medicine, Associate Dean, Admissions and Assessment Stanford University School of Medicine Palo Alto California USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-5797
Jeremy BranzettiEmergency Medicine Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2397-0566

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Competency-based medical education (CBME) is a learner-centric and outcomes-based approach to medical training that is essential to improve patient care. Coaching and individualized learning have been proposed to catalyze a core component of CBME, "competency-focused instruction". While coaching and individualized learning hold great theoretical and conceptual benefit to drive future educational initiatives, there remains a paucity of literature on how to incorporate them successfully, particularly in graduate medical education (GME) in Emergency Medicine (EM). A national workgroup of academic EM faculty with expertise in these areas was assembled to identify priority research questions that address key knowledge gaps in the design, delivery, and outcomes of coaching and individualized learning within a CBME framework. Methods: Twelve members with diverse representation convened to conduct a three-round modified Delphi process to help identify high-impact scholarly questions that would inform a discipline-specific research agenda within the broader 2025 Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) Consensus Conference on CBME. Results: The final 10 research questions identify a strategic direction to focus future scholarly initiatives relevant to EM and coaching in CBME. Four question categories were identified: coaching effectiveness and outcomes, coaching program design, faculty development and coaching competencies, and learner-centered factors. Implications: The consensus-building process revealed a pivotal period for EM's transition to CBME, with the need for more rigorous, evidence-driven understanding of coaching and individualized learning mechanisms, outcomes, and best practices to optimally prepare faculty and learners for successful implementation. The potential impact of this work not only affects individual learners but brings forth considerations for EM faculty, training programs, and national stakeholders to inform a supportive infrastructure and relevant resources to successfully actualize CBME in EM.

Identifiers

PMID41994086
PMCPMC13079412

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.