Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41994030›Full record

ArticleESMO gastrointestinal oncology2026

Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) in localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma treated with multiagent chemotherapy: a biomarker analysis from the NEOLAP trial (AIO-PAK-0113).

B Kimmel, S T Löhnert, F Wedekink, M Günther, S Ormanns, I Hartlapp, J Siveke, G Siegler, S Boeck, H Algül and 9 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in ESMO gastrointestinal oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

B KimmelDepartment of Internal Medicine II, Medical Oncology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
S T LöhnertDepartment of Internal Medicine II, Medical Oncology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
F WedekinkDepartment of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
M GüntherInnpath Institute of Pathology, Tirol Kliniken, Innsbruck, Austria.
S OrmannsInnpath Institute of Pathology, Tirol Kliniken, Innsbruck, Austria.
I HartlappDepartment of Internal Medicine, St. Nikolaus-Stiftshospital GmbH, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Universität Bonn, Andernach, Germany.
J SivekeDepartment of Medical Oncology, Bridge Institute of Experimental Tumor Therapy, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
G SieglerDepartment of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Paracelsus Medical University, Nürnberg, Germany.
S BoeckDepartment of Medical Oncology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Grosshadern, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
H AlgülComprehensive Cancer Center München and Institute for Tumor Metabolism, TUM University Hospital, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Health, Munich, Bavaria, Germany.
U MartensDepartment of Internal Medicine III, SLK-Clinics Heilbronn GmbH, Heilbronn, Germany.
F KullmannDepartment of Internal Medicine I, Kliniken Nordoberpfalz AG, Klinikum Weiden, Weiden, Germany.
T EttrichDepartment of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany.
S HeldDepartment of Biometrics, ClinAssess GmbH, Leverkusen, Germany.
F AngerDepartment of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
C-T GermerDepartment of General, Visceral, Transplantation, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
V HeinemannDepartment of Medical Oncology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Grosshadern, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
J WischhusenDepartment of Gynecology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
V KunzmannDepartment of Internal Medicine II, Medical Oncology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The prognostic and predictive role of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) in localized, non-metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has not yet been explored. Patients and methods: During the prospective randomized phase II NEOLAP-1 (AIO-PAK-0113) trial for patients with therapy-naive locally advanced (borderline or unresectable) PDAC, blood ( Results: Lower baseline cGDF-15 levels (≤0.8 ng/ml) were significantly associated with increased median overall survival [21.92 (95% CI 19.73-24.16) versus 12.68 [95% confidence interval (CI) 10.56-14.81] months, Conclusions: High cGDF-15 levels at baseline are a negative prognostic and predictive biomarker in localized, non-metastatic PDAC. Considering that GDF-15 is further up-regulated by neoadjuvant multiagent chemotherapy, our data, together with recent findings on clinical effects of GDF-15, provide a strong rationale for upfront therapeutic GDF-15 blockade in localized PDAC.

Indexed as

GDF-15localized pancreatic adenocarcinomamultiagent induction chemotherapy

Identifiers

PMID41994030
PMCPMC13080808

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