Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41993604›Full record

ArticleJournal of patient experience2026

Designing Nutrition Studies for Long COVID and Related Infection-Associated Chronic Illness: Qualitative Insights From a Patient-Reported Evaluation of Ketogenic Metabolic Therapy.

Dana Dharmakaya Colgan, Lita Buttolph, Tabitha Grow, Diane D Stadler, Mary Ruddick, Todd E Davenport, Heather Zwickey

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of patient experience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Dana Dharmakaya ColganHelfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6806-1542
Lita ButtolphHelfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3543-2570
Tabitha GrowHelfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA.
Diane D StadlerDepartment of Medicine and Graduate Programs in Human Nutrition, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4718-2054
Mary RuddickEnable Your Healing LLC, Austin, TX, USA.
Todd E DavenportDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA.
Heather ZwickeyHelfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, USA.

Funding

CAM Research Training in Neuroscience &StressT32AT002688 · NCCIH · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI OKEN, BARRY S, SOUMYANATH, AMALA · 2005 to 2025
$7.2M
NCCIH NIH HHS T32 AT002688
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Long COVID affects over 400 million people worldwide and has no FDA-approved treatments. Patients often rely on self-directed strategies, making their lived experiences an essential, yet underutilized, source of evidence. Ketogenic metabolic therapy (KMT) has demonstrated mechanisms relevant to Long COVID, including improved mitochondrial energy production, reduced oxidative stress, and modulation of inflammation, but remains underexplored. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, mixed-methods study of adults who completed Results: Participants (mean age 41; 90% female) reported diagnoses including postviral dysautonomia, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, and Long COVID. Four themes emerged: program benefits, challenges, recommendations, and scientific considerations. Key insights included the value of multicomponent synergy, extended duration, and prioritization of functional outcomes. Conclusion: Findings suggest nutrition trials for infection-associated chronic illnesses, including Long COVID, should consider incorporating longer intervention periods, multicomponent design, patient-centered outcomes, lived-experience integration, and tailored supports to optimize feasibility and impact.

Indexed as

ketosisLong COVIDMe/CFSnutritionpatient-reported evaluationqualitative studystudy designs

Identifiers

PMID41993604
PMCPMC13080129

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.