Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41993413›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Three photon microscopy of mouse brain structure and function at 2 mm depth and beyond.

Monzilur Rahman, Chi Liu, Dimitre G Ouzounov, Chris Xu

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Monzilur RahmanSchool of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0057-5248
Chi LiuSchool of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Dimitre G OuzounovSchool of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Chris XuSchool of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3493-6427

Funding

Deep and Fast Imaging Using Adaptive Excitation SourcesU01NS128660 · NINDS · CORNELL UNIVERSITY · PI XU, CHRIS · 2022 to 2025
$2.4M
NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS128660
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High-resolution noninvasive imaging of neuronal activity at single-cell resolution deep within brain tissue is essential for understanding brain function and disease. Here we show that an improved 1300-nm three-photon microscope for maximal excitation and collection efficiency enables imaging up to the three-photon depth limit in the intact mouse brain. Our platform achieves structural imaging of brain vasculature at depths up to 2.5 mm and functional imaging of neural activities at depths up to 2 mm, reaching deep brain regions previously inaccessible by multiphoton imaging. These advances extend the frontier of deep-tissue functional imaging and open new possibilities for longitudinal and mechanistic studies in neuroscience and beyond.

Identifiers

PMID41993413
PMCPMC13082060

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.