Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41993272›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Fast and reliable association discovery in large-scale microbiome studies and meta-analyses using PALM.

Zhoujingpeng Wei, Qilin Hong, Guanhua Chen, Tina V Hartert, Christian Rosas-Salazar, Suman R Das, Meghan H Shilts, Albert M Levin, Zheng-Zheng Tang

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Zhoujingpeng WeiDepartment of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Qilin HongDepartment of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Guanhua ChenDepartment of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Tina V HartertDepartment of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Christian Rosas-SalazarDepartment of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Suman R DasDepartment of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Meghan H ShiltsDepartment of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Albert M LevinDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA.
Zheng-Zheng TangDepartment of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.

Funding

Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (VICTR) -Identifying correlates of functional immunity in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent plasmaUL1TR002243 · NCATS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI Paul A. Harris, Wesley H Self · 2017 to 2026
$130.7M
Viral and Host Determinants of Infant and Childhood Allergy and AsthmaU19AI095227 · NIAID · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI Dawn C Newcomb · 2011 to 2026
$34.9M
Wisconsin Infant Study Cohort (WISC) ECHO Pediatric Follow-UpUG3OD023282 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI GERN, JAMES E. · 2016 to 2024
$19.3M
ECHO Renewal for the INSPIRE Study CohortUG3OD035516 · OD · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI BACHARIER, LEONARD B, HARTERT, TINA V · 2023 to 2024
$3.5M
Novel Integrative Analysis of Microbiome and Host Genetics in Childhood Asthma ResearchR01AI192972 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI GUANHUA CHEN, Zhengzheng Tang · 2025 to 2026
$1.2M
Advanced Statistical Methods for Microbiome Data AnalysisR01GM140464 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI TANG, ZHENGZHENG · 2020 to 2023
$1.1M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002243NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI192972NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI095227NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM140464NIH HHS UG3 OD023282NIH HHS UG3 OD035516
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Identifying microbial features associated with various covariates is a long-standing goal in microbiome research. Modern association studies incorporate an ever-increasing number of microbial features, covariates, and datasets from diverse cohorts. However, the complexity of microbiome data challenges analysis, often leading to poor replication of findings. We introduce PALM, a quasi-Poisson regression framework that enables fast and reliable association discovery in large-scale studies and meta-analyses. Extensive, realistic simulations demonstrate PALM's advantages in controlling false discovery rates, boosting power, improving computational efficiency, and preserving cross-study homogeneity of association effects. Three real-world applications at different scales illustrate PALM's utility, underscoring its potential to advance microbiome research.

Indexed as

absolute abundancecompositional datadifferential abundancemicrobiome meta-analysisquasi-Poissonrelative abundancescore statisticssummary statistics

Identifiers

PMID41993272
PMCPMC13082055

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.