ArticlePublic opinion quarterly2026
Paying It Forward: Generalized Reciprocity in Mass Opinion on Foreign Aid.
Article in Public opinion quarterly, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Does providing American vaccines overseas improve views of the United States? Do beneficiaries of donated shots change their opinions on foreign aid? Can the example of the United States providing aid lead to higher support for international assistance in other nations? Utilizing original panel data from a two-wave survey fielded in South Korea in 2021 and 2022, this paper finds no evidence that American shots, whether donated or purchased, lead to more positive views of the United States. However, we document a "pay it forward effect," where recipients of donated COVID-19 vaccines from the United States were more likely to pass on the generosity by supporting
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.